2015年职称英语考试已经开始备考,本阶段应该多整理一些基础词汇和语法。为此,医学全在线职称外语频道特整理了“2015年职称英语备考语法资料”供您参考,希望对您有帮助!
动词词形变化一览表:
(1)规则动词变化表:
规则变化 |
原形动词结尾情况 |
现在时单三人称 |
现在分词 |
过去式和过去分词 |
一般情况 | +s | +ing | +ed | |
s,x,ch,sh,o结尾 | +es | +ing | +ed | |
辅音字母+y结尾 | y→i,+es | +ing | y→i,+ed | |
重读闭音节一元一辅结尾 | +s | 双写辅音字母,+ing | 双写辅音字母,+ed | |
不发音的e结尾 | +s | 去掉e,+ing | +d | |
ie结尾 | +s | ie→y,+ing | +d | |
不规则变化 | have→has;be→is | (无) | (见不规则动词变化表) |
注意:①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。
②s/es的读音规则:在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音后和元音后读[z];在[s]、[F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后读[iz].
③ed的读音规则:在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音后和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id].
(2)不规则动词变化表:(原形→过去式→过去分词)
be(am,is) |
was |
been |
lose |
lost |
lost | ||
be(are) |
were |
been |
make |
made |
made | ||
beat |
beat |
beaten |
may |
might |
| ||
become |
became |
become |
mean |
meant |
meant | ||
begin |
began |
begun |
meet |
met |
met | ||
blow |
blew |
blown |
mistake |
mistook |
mistaken | ||
break |
broke |
broken |
must |
must |
| ||
bring |
brought |
brought |
pay |
paid |
paid | ||
build |
built |
built |
put |
put |
put | ||
buy |
bought |
bought |
read |
read |
Read | ||
can |
could |
|
ride |
rode |
ridden | ||
catch |
caught |
caught |
ring |
rang |
rung | ||
choose |
chose |
chosen |
rise |
rose |
risen | ||
come |
came |
come |
run |
ran |
run | ||
cost |
cost |
cost |
say |
said |
said | ||
cut |
cut |
cut |
see |
saw |
seen | ||
dig |
dug |
dug |
sell |
sold |
sold | ||
do |
did |
done |
send |
sent |
sent | ||
draw |
drew |
drawn |
set |
set |
set | ||
drink |
drank |
drunk |
shall |
should |
| ||
drive |
drove |
driven |
shine |
shone |
shone | ||
eat |
ate |
eaten |
show |
showed |
shown | ||
fall |
fell |
fallen |
shut |
shut |
shut | ||
feel |
felt |
felt |
sing |
sang |
sung | ||
find |
found |
found |
sink |
sank/sunk |
sunk/sunken | ||
fly |
flew |
flown |
sit |
set |
set | ||
forget |
forgot |
forgot/forgotten |
sleep |
slept |
slept | ||
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
smell |
smelt |
smelt | ||
get |
got |
got |
speak |
spoke |
spoken | ||
give |
gave |
given |
spend |
spent |
spent | ||
go |
went |
gone |
spill |
spilt |
spilt | ||
grow |
grew |
grown |
spoil |
spoilt |
spoilt | ||
hang |
hung/hanged |
hung/hanged |
stand |
stood |
stood | ||
have(has) |
had |
had |
sweep |
swept |
swept | ||
hear |
heard |
heard |
swim |
swam |
swum | ||
hide |
hid |
hidden |
take |
took |
taken | ||
hit |
hit |
hit |
teach |
taught |
taught | ||
hold |
held |
held |
tell |
told |
told | ||
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
think |
thought |
thought | ||
keep |
kept |
kept |
throw |
threw |
thrown | ||
know |
knew |
known |
understand |
understood |
understood | ||
lay |
laid |
laid |
wake |
woke/waked |
woken/waked | ||
learn |
learnt/learned |
learnt/learned |
wear |
wore |
worn | ||
leave |
left |
left |
will |
would |
| ||
lend |
lent |
lent |
win |
won |
won | ||
let |
let |
let |
write |
wrote |
witten | ||
lie |
lay |
lain |
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