2012年度职称英语水平能力测试综合类A级考试试题(二)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1)前4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2－5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；后4题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
Electromagnetic Energy
1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. 医学全在线,搜集整,理www.med126.comVisible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn am examples of electromagnetic energy.
2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.
3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared （红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more, energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays （紫外线) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. 医学全在线,搜集整,理www.med126.com
4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.
5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago, Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed （利用) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron （电子) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium （氦).
