Unit10 Topical Administration
§1 Drop-method
Instilling灌入 Ophthalmic眼的 Drops
Equipment
Eye medication in ocumetercontainer
Cotton ball or tissue
Preparation
1 Obtain client’s medication record
2 Compare the medication record with physician’s order
3 Wash your hands
4 Gather necessary equipment
5 Remove the medication from the box .on medicationcart. if not using medication cart, place medication on a tray.
6 Compare the label on the medication bottle to themedication record , Rationale: Safety check.
Procedure
1. Take medication to client’s room; check room andbed number against medication record.
2. Check identaband, and askclient’s name..
3. Wash your hand
4. Explain procedure to client
5. Tilt head slightly backward and ask client to lookup rational: the cornea(角膜) isprotected as client look up.
6. Uncap ocumeter, placingcap on its side or squeeze the prescribed amount of medication into eyedropper.. hold dropper with bulb in upper most position,
7. Give tissue to patient for wiping off excessmedication.
8. Place eyedropper 1/2~3/4 inch above eyeball withdominant hand rational: this position reduces risk of dropper touching eyeballand causing injury.
9. Stabilize hand holding dropper as necessary. Place nondominant hand on cheekbone and hand holding dropper ontop
10. Expose lower conjunctival(结膜) sac(囊)(sauk) by pulling down on cheek, creating a “cup”
11. Drop prescribed number of drops into center of conjunctival sac.
Rationale: Place medication directly on cornea couldcause injury to cornea.
12 .Ask client to gently close eyelids and move eyes.
Rationale: This distributes solution over conjunctival surface and anterior eyeball.
13.Verygently massage closed lid for client who cannotcooperate(e.g,comatose昏睡).
14. Remove excess medication with tissue
15. Wash your hands
16 .Replace medication in appropriate place
Ointment
Cotton ball or tissue
Cotton-tipped applicator
Preparation
1. Obtainclient’s medication record.
2. Comparethe medication record with physician’s order.
3. Washyour hand and gather necessary equipment.
4. Removethe medication from the drug box or tray on medication cart.
5. Comparethe label on the medication tube to the medication record. Rationale: safetycheck.
1. Placemedication on a tray if not using medication cart. Compare label withmedication record . Rationale: safety check.
2.Take medication to client’s room; checkroom and bed number against medication record.
3.Check identaband,and ask client’s name..
4.Wash your hand
5.Explain procedure to client
6.Take protective guard off medication tip,and lay on its side.
7.For lower lid:
a. Gentlyseparate client’s eyelids with your thumb or two fingers, and grasp lower lidnear the margin of the lower lid immediately below the lashes. exert pressuredownward over the bony prominence of the cheek to form a trough.
b. Instructthe client to look upward. Rationale: to keep cornea out of way of medication.
c. Applyeye medication along the inside edge of the entire lower eyelid, from inner toouter canthus.
6. AskClient to close eyelids and move eyes to assist in spreading ointment under thelids and over the surface of the eyeball.
7. With acotton ball or soft tissue, remove the excess medication from client’s eye andcheek.
8. Removeand replace medication.
9. Washyour hands.
ointment 药膏 margin 边缘 bony 多骨 trough 槽 canthus 眼角
Medication
Dropper forinstilling medication
Cotton wick
1. Obtain client’s medication record
2. Compare the medication record with themost recent physician’s order
3 .Wash your hands
4 .Gather necessary equipment
5 .Remove the medication from the drug box.on medication cart.
6.Compare the label on the medicationbottle to the medication record , Rationale: Safety check.
7.before preparing medication for administration, warm medication bottleto body temperature.
1. Place medication on a tray if not using medication cart.
2.Take medication to client’s room, and check room number against medication cardor sheet.
3. Check identaband, and ask client to statename.
4. Explain procedure to client.
5. Wash your hands
6. Position client on side, with ear to be treated in the uppermostposition. Rationale: This position allows medication to enter external earcanal by gravity.
7. Fill medication dropper with prescribed amount of medication.
8. Prepare client for instillation of ear medication as follows:
a. Infant. Draw the pinna gently downward and backward. Rationale: Thisseparates the drum membrane from the floor of the cartilaginous canal.
b. Adult. Lift pinna upward and backwwww.med126.comard.
Rationale: This positionstraightens out the ear canal.
9.Instill medication drops, holding dropper slightly above ear. Rationale: Thisposition does not contaminate dropper.
10. Insert a loose cotton wick into outer canal if ordered. Rationale:Assists medication’s migration toward eardrum.
11. Instruct client to remain on side for 5-10 minutes followinginstillation. Rationale: Prevents medication from escaping and facilitatesdistribution.
12. Place client in comfortable position.
13. Dispose of used supplies and wash hands.
pinna 羽、 翼 Cartilaginous 软骨的
Medication
Dropper
See Administering Respiratory Medications.
1.Take medication to client’s room; check room number against medication card orsheet.
2. Wash your hands.
3. Place client in sitting position with head tilted back of in supineposition with head tilted back over pillow.
4. Fill dropper with prescribed amount of medication.
5. Place dropper just inside the nares and instillcorrect number of drops. Repeat, procedure in other nares.
6. Wipe away any excess medication with tissue.
7. Instruct client not to sneeze or blow nose and to keep head tiltedback for 5 minutes to prevent medication from escaping.
8. Check to see that client is comfortable before leaving room.
9. Return medication to appropriate storage area.
10. Wash hands.
tilt 倾斜
supine 仰卧位
nares 鼻孔
§2 Inserting
Administering Rectal Suppositories
Suppository as ordered
Disposable glove
Vaginal-rectal lubricant
Paper towel
1. Obtain client’s medication, record. Medication record may be a drugcard, medication sheet, depending on the method of dispensing medications inyour facility.
2. Compare the medication record with the most recent physician’sorder.
3. Wash your hands.
4. Gather necessary equipment.
5. Remove the medication from the drug box of tray on medication cart.
6. Compare the label on the medication bottle.
7. Place medication, lubricant, and paper towel on a tray if not usingmedication cart.
8. Check drug information to determine if appropriate for applicationto mucous membranes.
1. Take medication to room.
2. Check room number against medication card or sheet
3. Identify client by name; check identaband.
4. Explain procedure to client.
5. Provide privacy.
6. Wash your hands.
7. Place client in Sims’ (left lateral) position.
8. Squeeze dollop of lubricant onto paper towel.
9. Remove the foil wrapper from the suppository.
10. Moisten suppository tip with warm water or lubricant to facilitateinsertion.
Note: Studies show that inserting the rectal suppository flat endrather than tapered end first promotes better retention.
11. Don clean gloves and inspect anal area for hemorrhoids.
12. Instruct to bear down to identify anal opening and insert thesuppository into the rectal canal beyond the anal sphincter. Rationale:Prevents suppository from slipping out.
13. Instruct the client to lie quietly for 15 minutes while themedicine is absorbed.
14. Dispose of equipment and wash your hands.
15. Return after 15 minutes to ensure client is comfortable.
16. Chart medication and results obtained.
Vaginal 阴道的 rectal直肠的 suppository栓剂 lubricant润滑剂 mucous黏液的 taper锥形 anal 肛门的 sphincter括约肌
disposable一次性的
Administering Vaginal Suppositories
Suppository
Applicator (should be kept in client’s room)
Disposable glove
1. Obtain client’s medication record. Medication record may be a drug card,medication record, depending on the method of dispensing medications in yourfacility.
2. Compare the medication record with the most recent physician’sorder.
3. Wash your hands.
4. Gather necessary equipment.
5. Remove the medication from the drug box or medication cart.
6. Compare the label on the medication to the medication record.
7. Place medication on a tray if not using medication cart. Includeapplicator to be left in client’s room.
8. Check drug information to determine if appropriate for applicationto mucous membranes.
Procedure
1. Take medication to client’s room, and check room number againstmedication card or sheet.
2. Check client’s identaband and ask clientto state name.
3. Check medication route and dosage.
4. Provide privacy.
5. Wash your hands.
6. Place client in the dorsal recumbent or Sims’ position.
7. Remove the foil wrapper from the suppository. Insert intoapplicator.
8. Using a disposable glove, insert the applicator with suppository .Rationale: Prevents suppository from slipping out.
9. Instruct the client tolie quietly for 15 minutes until the suppository is absorbed.
10. Discard equipment, applicator, and return to appropriate place inclient’s room.
11. Wash your hands.
12. Return aft医学全.在线www.med126.comer 15 minutes to check on client.
13.Chart medication and any evidence of discharge or odor from vagina.
vagina 阴道 discard 丢弃
suppository 涂药器 odor气味
dorsal 背的 脊的
recumbent 靠着的 斜躺着的
