2008年考研英语阅读理解辅导:备考方案

　　三、首段大意≠全文主旨。很多同学做全文主旨题往往以首段的段落大意作为根据，其实这是个陷阱。我们用1994年第二篇文章的一道题做例证：

　　What is this passage mainly about?

　　A.Approaches to the commercial use of computers.

　　B.Conveniences brought about by computers in business.

　　C.Significance of automation in commercial enterprise.

　　D.Advantages of credit cards in business.

　　这道题可以说是经典的主旨陷阱题了。如果仅从全文第一段来看，D选项是绝对正确的。但是文章从第二段进行扩展，由信用卡扩展到了计算机在商业社会中的应用，故此，B才是最佳答案。我们提醒各位考生，主旨题需要通过首段和各段首句共同判断，千万不能以偏概全。

　　四、千万注意“似是而非、局部正确”的选项

　　我们先来看看 1998 年的一道真题：

　　Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.

　　B. Politicians are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.

　　C. The “more enlightened” tend to tag others as antiscience.

　　D. Tagging environmentalists as “antiscience” is justifiable.

　　这是一道设计非常巧妙的考题，据说当年答对本题的考生不到 5% 。这道题考查了全文一半多文章的阅读量，而且涉及很多的细节，每一个选项都有似曾相识的感觉，而选项本身就暗藏着陷阱。本题的直接依据是文中的这样一句话：But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest. 但是简单根据这句话又会造成歧义，还必须依据“根据下文说上文的原则”，通过下文来判断逻辑：The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of sciences are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. 这里提醒所有考生注意一点：当你感觉到每一个选项似乎都对、都不对的时候，千万不要盲目凭借印象和感觉，要学会到原文中寻求每一个选项的证据，只有确凿的证据才是判断正误的法宝。

　　总而言之，要攻克考研阅读，就要在备战考研的过程中不断努力深入地研究，循序渐进地实践、演练，才能在考场上成功施展才华！考研的意义绝不仅仅是考试，而是挑战自我、磨练意志的过程。相信各位考生定能在这条充满荆棘的道路中坚定信念、调整心态，摸索出成功之道。

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